Particle Acceleration Through Coaxial Co-Flow Nozzles for Cold Spray Applications

Abstract

The present study numerically investigates the effectiveness of co-flowing nozzle for cold spray application. A convergent - divergent axi-symmetric nozzles have been simulated with high-pressure nitrogen flow. The particle acceleration is modelled by 2-way Lagrangian approach and validated with literature. An annular co-flowing nozzle with circular central nozzle has been simulated for nitrogen gas flow. The momentum preservation for central nozzle flow has been observed, which results in higher particle speed for longer axial distance after nozzle exit. It is envisioned from the outcome that utilization of co-flow can lead to reduction in the divergent section length of cold spray central nozzle, which may ultimately help to address clogging issues for continuous operation. Co-flow operating at 3 MPa, same as central nozzle can increase supersonic core up to 23.8 %.