Heavy metals in sea food: Method validation and evolution by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in accordance with commission regulation (EC) 333/2007, 582/2016

Abstract

The goal of this study was to validate the analytical technique for determining the immediate development of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) in various Indian seafood products. According to Commission Regulation (EC) 333/2007, various marine foods, including crustaceans, cephalopods, and fish species, were employed for the validation of the developed method by ICP-MS. HNO3 and H2O2 were combined to prepare the sample during microwave digestion. Specificity/selectivity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision-repeatability and reproducibility, accuracy-recovery, robustness, and fitness studies were used to validate the approach. The maximum RSD value and Horrat value (HorRat) for the within-lab reproducibility for all analytes (Pb, Cd, Hg, and As) in marine food were 5% and 1 respectively. The mean recovery for all analytes examined at three spiking levels (0.5, 1 & 1.5 of the permitted limit) was between 92.67 and 107.33%.Whereas limit of detection (LOD) values for Pb, Cd, Hg and As were 0.018 µg/g, 0.032 µg/g, 0.031 µg/g and 0.034 mg/kg for repeatability 6% and <1 respectively. 0.061 µg/g, 0.127 µg/g, 0.0.103 µg/g and 0.101 µg/g respectively, were the limit of quantitation (LOQ) values. At a 95% confidence level, the method's relative extended measurement uncertainty (k=2) was 9%. In fact, the developed method's precision was examined by taking part in LGC proficiency testing (round 253, sample 742); the outcomes (Z score, i.e. < 1) showed that this analytical method could be used for the routine analysis of these four toxic metals in seafood with acceptable analytical performance in the laboratory.